Because of a geomagnetic solar flare effect ( " magnetic crochet " ) observed in the Kew Observatory magnetometer record by Scottish physicist Balfour Stewart and a geomagnetic storm observed the following day, Carrington suspected a solar-terrestrial connection.
2.
The magnetic phenomena that occurred at about 11 : 18 GMT on 1 September 1859 are now known as a Solar Flare Effect ( SFE ) or a Magnetic Crochet, but the connection would not be proven for another 80 years.